Maanta oo kale 31 Maajo danad walba waxaa loo asteeyay, maalinta caalamiga ah ee joojinta cabista Sigaarka iyo tubaakada, (WORLD NO TOBACCO DAY) taasoo looga gol leeyahay in bulshada caalamka looga wacyigeliyo khatarta isticmaalka tubaakada noocyadeeda kala duwan.
Hay’adda Caafimaadka Adduunka ee WHO ayaa diirada saartay sanadkan 2023 sidii loo joojin lahaa cabista sigaarka iyo Isticmaalka Tubaakada iyadoo hal-ku-dhigga sanadkanna uu yahay “WAXAA LOO BAAHAN YAHAY BEERISTA DALAGYADA BEERAHA EE LOOMA BAAHNO BEERISTA TUBAAKADA “WE NEED FOOD, NOT TOBACCO” taasoo loola jeedo dhibaatada beerista tubaakadu ay u geysanayso dhanka dalagyada beeraha, deegaanka iyo bulshadaba.
Isticmaalka Tubaakada ama cabitaanka sigaarka waxay noqon kartaa : cabista sigaarka, Siigarka, Bayb-ka, Shiishadda, tubaakada la ruugo ama la calaliyo, midda daanka la gashado, iwm. Intaasoo dhanba waa khatar haba ku kala badnaadeene.
Guud ahaan adduunyada cabista sigaarka ama isticmaalka Tubaakada waxaa lagu qiyaasaa 1.3 bilyan qof iney isticmaasho maanta. Ku dhawaad Hal bilyan (80%) waxay ku nool yihiin waddamada soo koraaya.
Cabista sigaarka wuxuu sababaa dhimasho degdeg ah ama cimri gaabad, waxaana la sheegaa in sanad walba ay u dhintaan sigaar cabista qiyaas dhan 8 milyan oo qof, in ka badan 7 milyan waa dadka si tooska ah u caba sigaarka halka 1,200,000 oo qof ay yihiin dadka sida dadban ku caba sigaarka (Second-hand Smoke).
Isticmaalka Tubaakada iyo Cabista sigaarka waxaa la sheegay iney ku jiraan in ka badan 7,000 maado oo kiimika ah oo boqolaal ka mid ah ay yihiin sun, 70 ka mid ahna ay sababi karaan cudurka halista ah ee kansarka. Waxaana ka mid ah maadooyinkaas: Tar, Arsenic, benzene, formaldehyde, carbon monoxide, amooniyo iyo qaar kaloo badan. Waxaa kaloo ku jira maadada Nicotin-ka oo sababta in la qabatimo sigaarka jir ahaan iyo maskax ahaanba.
Dadka sigaarka caba khatarta uu u keeno waxay ku xiran tahay waqtiga dheer ee uu isticmalayey iyo xaddiga uu ka isticmaalo.
Waxaa kaloo jirta in qofka haddii uu joojiyo isticmaalka tubaakada ama sigaarka waqti hore in khatarta cudur ee uu keenayo iney sii yaraan karto.
Cabista Sigaarka & Saameynta Caafimaadka
Cabista sigaarka iyo isticmaalka tubaakada waxay sababaan 25 cudur ku dhawaad waxaana ka mid ah kuwa ku dhaca wadnaha iyo xididdada 20-30% (Heart attack and Stroke), wuxuu kaloo sababaa cudurada sambabka ku dhaca sida Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) (Sambabka oo weynaada ama adkaada Emphysema iyo Chronic Bronchites); wuxuu kaloo sababaa cudurka kansarka ku dhaca sambabka 30-35 %. Kansarka Dhuunta iyo Afka (larynx and mouth), kansarka ku dhaca hunguri-wadeenka (Esophagus), Pancreas-ka, Caloosha, Beerka, Xametida, xiidmaha, Kaadi-heysta, Qabsinada, Ilma galeenka. Wuxuu kaloo keenaa dhalma la’aanta ragga iyo haweenka. Waxaa xusid mudan in 85% uu ragga ku keeno Caniinimo ama ragannimada uu waayo.
Haweenka uurka leh wuxuu ku keenaa in ay ilmihii dhiciso ama ay dhasho ilmo miisaan hoose ama neefqabad qaba (asphyxia) ama u horseeda dhimasho kedis ah (sudden death).
Wuxuu kaloo caawiyaa cudurka gastritis wuxuuna badiyaa laabjeexa joogtada (GERD), wuxuu kaloo daahiyaa bogsashadda boog calooleedka (Peptic Ulcer).
Sidoo kale sigaarka wuxuu yareeyaa dhumaca xididdada dhiigga u qaada jirka intiisa kale taasoo keeni karta in si waafi ah u gaari waayo dhiiggii ay u baahnaayeen.
Dhalinyarada da’dooda ka yartay 20 sanno, waxey 3 jeer ka badan yihiin kuwa da’doodu ka weyn tahay 20 sanno dhinaca dhimashada deg degga ah.
Xagga maskaxda wuxuu horseedaa hurdadoo yaraata, degganaansho la’aan iyo qeybta fikirka iyo xusuusta oo hoos u dhacda taasoo ka timid xididdada masakaxda oo adkaada (Arthrosclerosis). Wuxuu kaloo isbeddel ku sameeyaa dabciga iyo la dhaqanka bulshada isagoo had iyo jeer acsaabtiisa kacsan tahay.
Cabista sigaarka waxay waxyeelo u geysataa Aragga Indhaha taasoo sababi kara indha la’aan, Maqalka dhagahana wuxuu u keenaa dhego la’aan, sidoo kale wuxuu sababaa midabdoorsiga ku dhaca Maqaarka, wuxuuna wax yeelo u geystaa dibnaha, ciridka iyo ilkaha.
Waxyeelada Sigaarka iyo Tubaakada
Khatarta kale ee sigaar-cabistu waa qofka ka ag dhow meesha lagu cabayo (second-hand smoke) sida guryaha caruurtu joogaan ama goobaha bulshada isugu timaaddo kuwaasoo neefsanaaya ama qaadanaaya qiiqa sigaarka agagaarkooda lagu cabaayo, kaasoo la sheegay in khatartii cuduradii la soo sheegay ay ku dhici karaan qiyaas dhan 25-30%.
Ururka Caafimaadka Adduunka (WHO) wuxuu horey u soo saaray Qaraar mamnuucaaya cabista sigaarka ee goobaha bulshadu ay ku kulmaan sida: suuqyada, garoomada, goobaha waxbarashada, hotellada & maqaayadaha, basaska & baabuurta kale. Sidoo kale waxaa reebban xayeysiinta, suuq-geynta sigaarka iyo tubaakadaba looga sameeyo Iddacadaha, telefishinnada, iyo baraha bulshada.
Waxaa kaloo jirta in canshuurta tubaakada iyo sigaarka kor loo qaado si loo yareeyo isticmaalkooda loona daryeelo caafimaadka bulshada.
Bulshada Soomaaliyeed 30kii sano ee u dambeysay oo burburka, dagaalada iyo barakaca ay jireen waxaa si xaddi leh u kordhay tirada sigaarka cabta gaar ahaan dhalinyarada da’da yar. Waxaa kaloo kordhay dadka Shiishadda isticmaala dhalinyaro iyo dad waaweyn kuwaasoo ku keeni karaaya mustaqbalka dhibaato weyn oo dhanka caafimaadka ah.
BAAQ
Waxaan dhammaan bulshada Soomaaliyeed ugu baaqayaa meel kastoo ay joogaan iney joojiyaan cabista sigaarka iyo isticmaalka tubaakada bacdamaa diinteenna Islaamka aysan oggoleyn in nafta la tahluukeeyo iyo iyagoo sababaaya khatartii caafimaad ee aan kor ku soo sheegnay.
W/Q/ Prof/Dr. Cusmaan Maxamuud Dufle.
