Konton iyo lix sano ka hor maanta, Soomaaliya aya xornimada ka heshay Gumaystihii. Waxay ahayd xoriyad si fiican loo kasbaday ka dib awowayaashii dalka ee ay si geesinimo leh ula legdameen awoodda shisheeye waxayna taageen calanka cad iyo buluuga markii ugu horeysay taasoo tilmaaneysay xornimo.
Halganki ayaa keenay is-xukun, rajo iyo mustaqbal ifaya. Nasiib darro, 1991-kii dalka waxaa muquurtay dagaal sokeeye oo daba dheeraaday iyo burburkii sharciga iyo kala dambaynta, oo lumisay riyooyinkii iyo rabitaankii xorriyad doonadii naftooda huray, una diray malaayiin Soomaali inay galaan dalalka deriska ah iyo meelo ka baxsan iyagoo qaxootiga noqday.
Related posts
Sanadkii 2007, si kastaba ha ahaatee, Soomaaliya ayaa gashay bog cusub kadib markii Midowga Afrika uu geeyay kooxdii ugu horreeysay ee nabad ilaalineed si ay ula dagaalamaan argagixisada Al-Shabaab oo ku takrifalay xuquuqda aadanaha iyo tan dadka rayidka ah ee aan waxba galabsan gudaha Soomaaliya iyo dalalka deriska ah.
Maanta, dunida ayaa Soomaalida la wadaagaya u-dabaal degidda sanad-guuradii madax-bannaanida 56aad ee dalka, waxaan anigoo kalsooni qaba dhihi karaa, in ujeedada Howlgalka Midowga Afrika ee Soomaaliya (AMISOM) oo ah in la carqaladeeyo, la duleeyo, lana baabbi’yo Al-Shabaab si loo xasiliyo dalka ,inta badan waa lagu guuleystay.
AMISOM ayaa u suurtagashay in ay boqolkiiba 80 ee dalka ka xoreyso Al-Shabaab oo ay ku jiraan magaalooyinka muhiimka ah ee Soomaaliya. Tani ayaa la sameeyay iyada oo loo marayo saddex howlgallo milatari ee waaweyn kuwaas oo, Operation Eagle, Operation Indian Ocean iyo Operation Jubba Corridor. Ujeedooyinka hawlgallada waxay ahaayeen seddax arrimood oo kala ah: in la xoreeyo magaalooyinka, in la carqaladeeyo wadooyinka sahayda argagixisadaย iyo in laga hortago ururinta canshuurta sharci darada ah ee ay dadweynaha ka qaadaan.
Al-Shabaab ayaa isagu uruuray aag yar ee koonfurta Soomaaliya. AMISOM waxay ku qaadi doontaa weerarkii ugu dambeeyay si loo baabi’iyo xagjiriinta isla markaana dadweynaha loogu ogolaado in ay raacdaan noloshooda si xor ah, ammaan ah, kalsooni ku jirto, ay ku raaxeystaan miraha xornimada oo ay kasbadeen 56 sano ka hor, markii calanka Soomaaliya la suray markii ugu horeysay oo astaan u ahayd dhammaadka xilligii gumeysiga.
Guulaha milateri ayaa ku qasbay Al-Shabaab in ay bedelaan qaabka ay u howlgalaan iyagoo bilaabay dagaal aan toosnayn, aan kala sooc lahayn isla markaana beegsanaya dadka rayidka ah, goobaha dadweynaha, goobaha ganacsiga iyo xarumaha dawladda iyagoo qaada weerarro naxdin badan si ay u sameeyaan burbur baaxad leh isla markaana u helaan sumcad. Si looga hortago caqabadan,ย AMISOM ayaa ciidamada ammaanka Qaranka Soomaaliya si dhow ula shaqeysa si looga hortago rabshadda cadowga lana joojiyo dilka ay wadaan.
Dib u dhiska Soomaaliya oo bilawday
Ma aha oo kaliya dhinaca milatari in aanu ka shaqaynayno, AMISOM ayaa taageero iyo dhiiri galin siinaysa hanaanka siyaasadeed ee wada hadal loo dhan yahay iyo dib u heshiisiin. Waxaa mudnaanta la siinayaa xasilinta iyo kor-u qaadida tayada hay’adaha dawladda si ay cagahooda dib uga istaagaan isla markaana hawlahooda u gutaan.
Maanta, ciidamada booliska Soomaaliyeed oo ka kooban in ka badan 5,000 oo rag iyo dumar ayaa la diiwaan galiyay, tababar la siiyay, lana qalabeeyay taageero AMISOM ay ka heleen kadib. Ciidamada Qaranka Soomaaliya ayaa sidoo kale la xoojinayaa waxayna bilaabeen inay AMISOM kala wareegeen qaar ka mid ah masuuliyada ammaanka.
Muqdisho, oo horaan gacanta Al-Shabaab uga jirtay balse AMISOM ayaa kala wareegtay, ayaa hadda ah magaalo cammiran.ย Bishii November ee la soo dhaafay , shirkadda Maraykanka ee Demographia, oo soo saarta warbixin sanadle ah ee qiimaysa horumarka deegaanada iyadoo loo marayo saadaasha dadweynaha adduunka Qaramada Midoobay 2010 – 2020′, ayaa sheegtay in Muqdisho ay gashay kaalinta labaad ee caasimadaha ugu kobaca badan ee adduunka.
Sida laga soo xigtay Demographia, Muqdisho, oo ay ku noolyihiin 2.1 malyuun qof, ayaa kobaceeda kordhayaa heerka 6.9 boqolkiiba. Waxay kobaca sabab uga dhigeen xaaladda ammaanka oo sii hagaagaysa iyo horumarka dhaqaalaha wanaagsan, oo ay keeneen soo laabashada Soomaalida ku nool qurbaha. Arrimahaan oo dhan waxaa keenay dadaalka AMISOM ee nabadda iyo xasilinta dalka.
Isla mar ahaantaana, hay’adaha kale ee muhiimka ah ee dawladda ayaa abuurmaya isla markaana saamayn ku yeelanaya nolosha dadka Soomaaliyeed. Waaxda ururinta dakhliga ayaa la aasaasay oo bilaabay cashuur uruurinta, Bangiga Dhexe ayaa wuxuu meel marinayaa tallaabooyin maaliyadeed iyo sharciyaynta dhaqaalaha. Sidoo kale waaxda socdaalka ayaa si muuqata looga dareemayaa horumarinta adeegyada. Bangiga Adduunka ayaa wakiil u magacaabay dalka Soomaaliya halka Hay’adda Lacagta Adduunka ee sanadkii hore ay dib u-eegis ku sameysay dhaqaalaha dalka markii ugu horeysay 25 sano kadib. Sidaas darteed, ma aha la yaab in dhaqaalaha Soomaaliya uu kordhayo heerka boqolkiiba 5 In ka badan, taasoo sabab u ah kor u kaca dhismaha iyo waaxda adeegyada.
Si kastaba ha ahaatee, waxaa muhiim ah in la ogaado in guulaha ilaa iyo haatan la sameeyey aysan waxtar lahayn haddii aanan caawin Soomaaliya xiligan kala guurka siyaasadeed ee jilicsan si ay u dhisaan dal xoog badan oo ku salaysan xurmada nolosha, ixtiraamka xuquuqda aadanaha, is aqbalaad, dulqaad, wadajir iyo maamul dimoqraadi ah.
Si taas loo gaaro, AMISOM ayaa si firfircoon uga taageeraysa heyโadda sharci-dejinta iyo fulinta ee dawladda dadaalada lagu dhisayo nidaam federaal ah sida ku qeexan dastuurka dalka.
Sidaas daraadeed, maamulada federaalka mustaqbalka laga sugayo Maamulka Koonfur Galbeed ee ku-meelgaarka ah, maamulka ku-meelgaarka ah ee Jubba, maamulka ku-meelgaarka ah ee Galmudug iyo Puntland ayaa ilaa hadda la aasaasay. Wadahadalo ayaa weli socda si loo abuuro maamulka gobolka Hiiraan iyo Shabeellaha Dhexe kadibna maamulka Muqdisho ayaa la dhisi doonaa. Maamulada ku meel gaarka ah ayaa horay u dhisay baarlamaanada gobolka iyo golaha wasiirada si loo fududeeyo wada tashiga iyo ka doodista arrimaha muhiimka u ah dalka iyo gobollada iyo bixinta adeegyada dadweynaha.
Dhawaan, inta lagu guda jiray kulanka lagu qabtay magaalada Baydhabo ee Madasha Hogaanka Qaran (NLF), ayaa hoggaamiyeyaasha sare ee dalka ka wada xaajoodeen arrimaha nidaamka doorashada. Madasha waxaa lagu heshiiyay in la qabto doorashooyinka baarlamaanka iyo madaxweynaha ka hor dhamaadka sanadka. Tani waa tallaabo dheeraad ah ee dhinaca dib u-heshiisiin qaran oo loo dhan yahay.
Marka laga reebo ansixinta jadwalka doorashada, kulanka ayaa sidoo kale la isku raacay liiska 135 oday-dhaqameedyada oo soo xuli doona kooxda doorashada si loo doorto 275 xubnaha baarlamaanka. Madaxda ayaa sidoo kale ansixiyey abuurista kooxaha farsamo, heer gobol iyo heer federaal labadaba oo diyaarin doonaa doorashada iyo in la hubiyo inaan laga leexan wakhtiga.
Tani waa horumar la taaban karo oo talaabo dheeraad ah ee dib u-heshiisiin qaran iyo dimuqraadiyad hormarsan oo loo dhan yahay.
Sidaa darted tani waa, arrinta muujinaysa in inkastoo dilal iyo baabbaโ ay sameynayaan Al-Shabaab, inkastoo ay caqabado ka jiraan dalka, rajada weli waa mid wanaagsan, Soomaaliya waxay ku sugantahay waddadii soo kabashada.
Tani ma aha xiliga quursashada. Hadda waa waqtiga u dulqaadashada iyo qaadashada go’aanka adag ee baabbi’inta Al-Shabaab, in la midoobo lana taageero Soomaaliya si ay u guuleysato.
Ina keena aynu dhammaan gacmaha is qabsanno ee u hambalyeyno Soomaaliya sanad-guuradii 56aad ee madax-bannaanida.
By Francisco Madeira
Fifty-six years ago today, the great nation of Somalia gained its independence from colonial rule. It was freedom well-earned after the countryโs forefathers gallantly wrestled power from foreign occupiers and hoisted the white and blue flag for the first time to signify liberation.
The struggle ushered in self-rule and a hope for a brighter future.ย Unfortunately, in 1991, the country plunged into a protracted civil war and collapse of law and order ensued, betraying the dreams and aspirations the freedom fighters sacrificed their lives for, and sending millions of Somalis intoย neighbouring states and beyond as refugees.
In 2007, however, Somalia received a new lease of life when the African Union deployed its first group of peace enforcers to dislodge Al-Shabaab terrorists who had committed gross human rights violations on innocent civilians both in Somalia and in neighbouring countries.
Today, as the rest of the world joins Somalis in celebrating the countryโs 56thย independence anniversary, I can say with confidence, that the objective of the African Union Mission in Somalia (AMISOM) to disrupt, degrade and destroy Al-Shabaab and stabilise the country, is largely being achieved.
AMISOM has managed to push Al-Shabaab from 80 percent of the country including the key towns in Somalia. This has been done through three major military operations namely; Operation Eagle, Operation Indian Ocean and Operation Jubba Corridor. The objectives of these operations were three-pronged:ย to liberate the towns, disrupt the terroristsโ supply routes and prevent them from collecting illegal taxes from the population.
Al-Shabaab has been pushed to a small area in southern Somalia and AMISOM will launch a final push to annihilate the militants and allow the population to go about their lives freely, securely and enjoy, in confidence, the fruits of independence deservedly earned 56 years ago.
Our military successes have forced Al-Shabaab to change its modus operandi and engage in asymmetric warfare, indiscriminately targeting civilians, public places, government installations and businesses in heinous attacks calculated to cause maximum destruction and reap maximum publicity. To face this new challenge, AMISOM is working closely with Somali National security forces to counter the enemyโs sheer violence and stop the loss of life.
Somaliaโs Rebuilding Has Begun
It is not just on the military front that we are working. AMISOM is supporting and encouraging the unfolding political process and the country’s efforts towards an inclusive dialogue and reconciliation. It is prioritising stabilisation and getting government institutions back on their feet to be able to be present and perform their government functions throughout Somalia.
Today, a police force comprising more than 5,000 men and women recruited, trained, mentored and equipped with the support of AMISOM, is in place. The Somali National Army is also being strengthened and has begun taking over some of the security responsibilities from AMISOM.
Mogadishu, which was formerly under the control of Al-Shabaab until AMISOM stepped in, is now a bustling city full of life.ย Last November,ย the US-based consultancy, Demographia, which bases its annual Demographic World Urban Areas ranking on the United Nationsโ 2010-20 world population projections, ranked Mogadishu the second fastest growing city in the world.
According to Demographia, Mogadishu, with a population of 2.1 million, was growing at a rate of 6.9 percent. It attributed the growth to its improving security situation and positive economic prospects, thanks to the return of Somalis living the diaspora. All this is a by-product of AMISOMโs endeavours to bring peace and security to the country.
At the same time, other critical government institutions are taking shape and impacting positively the lives of the Somali population. The revenue collection department has been established and has begun collecting taxes; the Central Bank is putting in place fiscal and monetary measures to regulate the economy and the immigration department is visibly registering improvement in its services. The World Bank has appointed a country representative for Somalia, while the International Monetary Fund last year reviewed the countryโs economy for the first time in 25 years. As a result, it is not surprising that the Somali economy is growing at a rate above 5 percent, driven by the booming construction industry and the strong services sector.
However, it is important to note that the achievements made so far can come to naught if we do not help Somalia go through the delicate political transition to build a strong nation based on sanctity of life, respect for human rights, mutual acceptance, tolerance, inclusion, and democratic governance.
To this end, AMISOM has proactively supported the legislative and executive arms of government in their effort to establish a federal system as envisaged under the countryโs constitution.
In this context, the future Federal states emanating from the Interim South West Administration, Interim Jubba Administration, Galmudug Interim Administration and Puntland have so far been established. Discussions are still ongoing on the establishment of Hiiraan and Middle Shabelle state and how to administer Mogadishu.ย The interim administrations have already established regional assemblies and cabinets as platforms for consultation and debate on issues of interest to the country and the regions and for the provision of services to the population.
Recently, during the National Leadership Forum (NLF) meeting held in Baidoa, the countryโs top leadership ironed out sticking points on the electoral process. The NLF agreed to hold parliamentary and presidential elections before the end of the year. This is an additional step forward in the path of national reconciliation and enhanced inclusiveness.
Apart from endorsing the elections calendar, the meeting also agreed on the list of 135 elders who will pick the electoral colleges to elect the 275 members of parliament.ย The leaders also approved the establishment of technical teams, both at the federal and state-level, that will prepare the elections and ensure the timelines set are met.
This is remarkable progressย and additional step forward in the path of national reconciliation and enhanced democratic inclusiveness.
This is therefore, a clear demonstration that despite the unwarranted killings and destructions by Al-Shabaab despite the continued challenges the country is still facing, the balance remains positive: Somalia is on the path to recovery.
This is not the time for despondency. Itย is the time for steadfastness and continued resolve to destroy Al-Shabaab, to unite and support Somalia and make it a great nation again.
Let us all join hands in wishing Somalia a happy 56thย Independence anniversary. Thank you.
Franciscoย Madeira is the African Union Special Representative for Somalia and the head of the African Union Mission in Somalia
